What Is the 4 Percent Rule?

The 4 percent rule is a simple retirement guideline that helps estimate how much you can withdraw from your savings each year. Many people use it as a starting point when planning retirement.

The simple definition

The 4 percent rule says that if you withdraw 4 percent of your retirement savings in your first year, then adjust that amount for inflation each year after, your money may last about 30 years.

First-year retirement withdrawal = Total savings × 4%
Example: If you have $1,000,000, you can withdraw about $40,000 in your first year.

Why people use it

How it works

  1. Calculate your total savings
  2. Take 4% in year one
  3. Adjust for inflation each year

Limitations

4% rule vs 25x rule

Retirement savings = Annual expenses × 25

These two rules work together to estimate both how much you need and how much you can withdraw.

Helpful tools

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Bottom line

The 4 percent rule is a helpful starting point, but it should not be your only strategy. Use calculators to get a more personalized estimate.